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Geometry Difficulty 6.1 National olympiad Prove it

Let OO denote the circumcentre of an acute-angled triangle ABCA B C. A circle Γ\Gamma passing through vertex AA intersects segments ABA B and ACA C at points PP and QQ such that BOP=ABC\angle B O P=\angle A B C and COQ=ACB\angle C O Q=\angle A C B. Prove that the reflection of BCB C in the line PQP Q is tangent to Γ\Gamma.

Solution

Let the circumcircle of triangle OBPO B P intersect side BCB C at the points RR and BB and let A,B\angle A, \angle B and C\angle C denote the angles at vertices A,BA, B and CC, respectively.

Now note that since BOP=B\angle B O P=\angle B and COQ=C\angle C O Q=\angle C, it follows that

POQ=360BOPCOQBOC=360(180A)2A=180A\angle P O Q=360^{\circ}-\angle B O P-\angle C O Q-\angle B O C=360^{\circ}-(180-\angle A)-2 \angle A=180^{\circ}-\angle A.

This implies that APOQA P O Q is a cyclic quadrilateral. Since BPORB P O R is cyclic,

QOR=360POQPOR=360(180A)(180B)=180C\angle Q O R=360^{\circ}-\angle P O Q-\angle P O R=360^{\circ}-\left(180^{\circ}-\angle A\right)-\left(180^{\circ}-\angle B\right)=180^{\circ}-\angle C.

This implies that CQORC Q O R is a cyclic quadrilateral. Since APOQA P O Q and BPORB P O R are cyclic,

QPR=QPO+OPR=OAQ+OBR=(90B)+(90A)=C\angle Q P R=\angle Q P O+\angle O P R=\angle O A Q+\angle O B R=\left(90^{\circ}-\angle B\right)+\left(90^{\circ}-\angle A\right)=\angle C.

Since CQORC Q O R is cyclic, QRC=COQ=C=QPR\angle Q R C=\angle C O Q=\angle C=\angle Q P R which implies that the circumcircle of triangle PQRP Q R is tangent to BCB C. Further, since PRB=BOP=\angle P R B=\angle B O P= B\angle B,

PRQ=180PRBQRC=180BC=A=PAQ \angle P R Q=180^{\circ}-\angle P R B-\angle Q R C=180^{\circ}-\angle B-\angle C=\angle A=\angle P A Q

This implies that the circumcircle of PQRP Q R is the reflection of Γ\Gamma in line PQP Q. By symmetry in line PQP Q, this implies that the reflection of BCB C in line PQP Q is tangent to Γ\Gamma.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.