Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 6.3 National olympiad Find the answer

11. (JAP 2) In a triangle ABCA B C, let DD and EE be the intersections of the bisectors of ABC\angle A B C and ACB\angle A C B with the sides AC,ABA C, A B, respectively. Determine the angles A,B,C\angle A, \angle B, \angle C if BDE=24,CED=18. \measuredangle B D E=24^{\circ}, \quad \measuredangle C E D=18^{\circ} .

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Solution

11. Let II be the incenter of ABC\triangle A B C. Since 90+α/2=BIC=DIE=90^{\circ}+\alpha / 2=\angle B I C=\angle D I E= 138138^{\circ}, we obtain that A=96\angle A=96^{\circ}. ! Let DD^{\prime} and EE^{\prime} be the points symmetric to DD and EE with respect to CEC E and BDB D respectively, and let SS be the intersection point of EDE D^{\prime} and BDB D. Then BDE=24\angle B D E^{\prime}=24^{\circ} and DDE=DDEEDE=24\angle D^{\prime} D E^{\prime}=\angle D^{\prime} D E-\angle E^{\prime} D E=24^{\circ}, which means that DED E^{\prime} bisects the angle SDDS D D^{\prime}. Moreover, ESB=ESB=\angle E^{\prime} S B=\angle E S B= EDS+DES=60\angle E D S+\angle D E S=60^{\circ} and hence SES E^{\prime} bisects the angle DSBD^{\prime} S B. It follows that EE^{\prime} is the excenter of DDS\triangle D^{\prime} D S and consequently DDC=DDC=\angle D^{\prime} D C=\angle D D^{\prime} C= SDE=(18072)/2=54\angle S D^{\prime} E^{\prime}=\left(180^{\circ}-72^{\circ}\right) / 2=54^{\circ}. Finally, C=180254=72\angle C=180^{\circ}-2 \cdot 54^{\circ}=72^{\circ} and B=12\angle B=12^{\circ}.

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