AlgebraDifficulty 7.2National olympiad, round 2Prove it
For example, 8.2 given a,b,c>0 and a+b+c=abc, prove that ∑(1+a2)(1+b2)−(1+a2)(1+b2)(1+c2)⩾4
Solution
Given the conditions, we can let a=cot2A,b=cot2B,c=cot2C and satisfy A+B+C=π. Using the following two identities: 1+cot2x=csc2xsin2A+sin2B+sin2C=4sin4A+Bsin4B+Csin4C+A+1
The inequality can be simplified to: csc2Acsc2B+csc2Bcsc2C+csc2Ccsc2A⩾4+csc2Acsc2Bcsc2C⇔sin2A+sin2B+sin2C⩾4sin2Asin2Bsin2C+1⇔sin2A+Bsin4B+Csin4C+A⩾sin2Asin2Bsin2C
Using the AM - GM inequality, we have: sin4A+B=sin4Acos4B+cos4Asin4B⩾4sin4Acos4Asin4Bcos4B=sin2Asin2B
Similarly, we can obtain: sin4B+C⩾sin2Bsin2Csin4C+A⩾sin2Csin2A
Multiplying the above three inequalities will yield the desired inequality. Familiarity with the relationships between trigonometric functions is also essential.
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