Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /469 of 520

Geometry Difficulty 6.2 National olympiad Prove it

One, (40 points) As shown in Figure 1, in ABC\triangle ABC, the circle O\odot O passing through points BB and CC intersects ABAB and ACAC at points EE and FF respectively. A perpendicular line from point AA to BCBC intersects the circumcircle Γ\Gamma of ABC\triangle ABC at point DD. The line DODO intersects the circle Γ\Gamma at a second point QQ. Prove:

Figure 1 QBE\triangle QBE and QCF\triangle QCF have equal areas.

Solution

Given the circle Γ\Gamma with center OO', let HH be the antipode of point AA with respect to O\odot O', and the extension of HOHO intersects O\odot O' at point PP.
 Then BFO=12(180BOF)=12(1802C)=90C=BAH=BPH=BPO \begin{array}{l} \text { Then } \angle B F O=\frac{1}{2}\left(180^{\circ}-\angle B O F\right) \\ =\frac{1}{2}\left(180^{\circ}-2 \angle C\right)=90^{\circ}-\angle C \\ =\angle B A H=\angle B P H=\angle B P O \end{array}
B,P,F,O\Rightarrow B, P, F, O are concyclic
APF=APH+FPH=90+FBO=90+90C=180AEF \begin{aligned} \Rightarrow & \angle A P F=\angle A P H+\angle F P H \\ & =90^{\circ}+\angle F B O=90^{\circ}+90^{\circ}-\angle C \\ & =180^{\circ}-\angle A E F \end{aligned}
A,E,F,P\Rightarrow A, E, F, P are concyclic
PCF=PBE,PFC=180AFP=180AEP=PEBPFCPEBPFPE=FCEB=PCPB. \begin{aligned} \Rightarrow & \angle P C F=\angle P B E, \\ & \angle P F C=180^{\circ}-\angle A F P \\ & =180^{\circ}-\angle A E P=\angle P E B \\ \Rightarrow & \triangle P F C \sim \triangle P E B \\ \Rightarrow & \frac{P F}{P E}=\frac{F C}{E B}=\frac{P C}{P B} . \end{aligned}

Since points BB and CC, PP and QQ are symmetric with respect to the perpendicular bisector of BCBC, we have,
PC=QB,PB=QCQBEB=QCFC12QBEBsinABQ=12QCFCsinACQSQBE=SQCF. \begin{aligned} P C & =Q B, P B=Q C \\ \Rightarrow & Q B \cdot E B=Q C \cdot F C \\ \Rightarrow & \frac{1}{2} Q B \cdot E B \sin \angle A B Q \\ & =\frac{1}{2} Q C \cdot F C \sin \angle A C Q \\ \Rightarrow & S_{\triangle Q B E}=S_{\triangle Q C F} . \end{aligned}

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.