Question 3: From point O, draw two rays l1 and l2. A moving line l intersects l1 and l2 at points A and B, respectively. The midpoint of segment AB is X, and the trajectory of the moving point X is Γ. The rays l1 and l2, and the line l form △OAB with a constant area c. Prove: (1) Γ is symmetric with respect to the angle bisector of l1 and l2; (2) Γ is a hyperbola.
Solution
Prove that by taking the bisector of the angle formed by rays l1 and l2 as the x-axis, and the line passing through point O and perpendicular to the x-axis as the y-axis, we establish a Cartesian coordinate system. Let the moving point X(x0,y0), ray l1:y=kx(k>0), l2:y=−kx(k>0),∣OA∣=ρ1,∣OB∣=ρ2.
Then, from S△OAX=S△OBX=2c, we get 21⋅1+k2∣kx0−y0∣⋅ρ1=2c,21⋅1+k2∣−kx0−y0∣⋅ρ2=2c. Thus, ρ1=∣kx0−y0∣c1+k2,ρ2=∣kx0+y0∣c1+k2. Also, 21ρ1ρ2sin2θ=c, then 21⋅∣k2x02−y02∣c2(1+k2)⋅1+k22k=c.
Since point X is within the region enclosed by the rays, we have 21⋅k2x02−y02c2(1+k2)⋅1+k22k=c⇒k2x02−y02=ck(x0>0)
which is the equation of the trajectory Γ. From the equation, it is easy to see that the conclusion holds.
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