Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 6.2 National olympiad Prove it

A parabola CC's vertex is the center of a circle that passes through the parabola's focus FF. Let the intersection points of the parabola and the circle be AA and BB, the intersection point of ABA B and CFC F be EE, and the point on the circle opposite to FF be DD. Show that the geometric mean of the circle's diameter and FEF E is DED E.

Solution

Solution. The set of points of a parabola in the plane consists of those points that are equidistant from a given point (FF, the focus) and a given line (the directrix) that does not pass through the point.

Draw a tangent to the circle at point DD, which we will denote as vv. Since FC=DCF C=D C, according to the definition of a parabola, vv is the directrix.

!

According to the problem statement, the following needs to be proven: FDFE=DE2F D \cdot F E=D E^{2}. The triangle FBDF B D is a right triangle by Thales' theorem, so applying the leg theorem to it: FB2=FDFEF B^{2}=F D \cdot F E. The two equations can be matched, and then we only need to prove the following: DE=FBD E=F B.

To do this, drop a perpendicular from point BB to the directrix, thus obtaining point GG. We know that every point on the parabola is equidistant from the focus and the directrix, so FB=BGF B=B G. We also know that BG=DEB G=D E, since they are opposite sides of the same rectangle. Therefore: FB=BG=DEF B=B G=D E, and thus DE=FBD E=F B. This proves the statement.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.