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Algebra Difficulty 6.0 National olympiad Prove it

2. (50 points) Given a,b,c>0a, b, c > 0. Prove:
(a3+1b31)(b3+1c31)(c3+1a31)(abc+1abc1)3. \begin{array}{l} \left(a^{3}+\frac{1}{b^{3}}-1\right)\left(b^{3}+\frac{1}{c^{3}}-1\right)\left(c^{3}+\frac{1}{a^{3}}-1\right) \\ \leqslant\left(a b c+\frac{1}{a b c}-1\right)^{3} . \end{array}

Solution

2. Since the sum of any two parentheses on the left side of the original inequality is positive, at most one of the three parentheses is non-positive.
Therefore, we may assume that all three parentheses are positive.
Let k=abc,a3=kxy,b3=kyz,c3=kzxk=abc, a^{3}=\frac{k x}{y}, b^{3}=\frac{k y}{z}, c^{3}=\frac{k z}{x}.
Then the left side of the original expression
=(k2x+zky)(k2y+xkz)(k2z+ykx)k3xyz =\frac{\left(k^{2} x+z-k y\right)\left(k^{2} y+x-k z\right)\left(k^{2} z+y-k x\right)}{k^{3} x y z} \text {. }

Let k2x+zky=u,k2y+xkz=vk^{2} x+z-k y=u, k^{2} y+x-k z=v,
k2z+ykx=w k^{2} z+y-k x=w \text {. }

Then x=ku+vk3+1,y=kv+wk3+1,z=kw+uk3+1x=\frac{k u+v}{k^{3}+1}, y=\frac{k v+w}{k^{3}+1}, z=\frac{k w+u}{k^{3}+1}.
Hence the left side of the original expression
=uvw(1+k3)3k3(ku+v)(kv+w)(kw+u) =\frac{u v w\left(1+k^{3}\right)^{3}}{k^{3}(k u+v)(k v+w)(k w+u)} \text {. }

Notice that,
(ku+v)(kv+w)(kw+u)=(1+k3)uvw+(v2w+w2u+u2v)k2+(w2v+v2u+u2w)k(1+k3)uvw+3uvwk2+3uvwk=uvw(k+1)3. \begin{array}{l} (k u+v)(k v+w)(k w+u) \\ =\left(1+k^{3}\right) u v w+\left(v^{2} w+w^{2} u+u^{2} v\right) k^{2}+ \\ \left(w^{2} v+v^{2} u+u^{2} w\right) k \\ \geqslant\left(1+k^{3}\right) u v w+3 u v w k^{2}+3 u v w k \\ = u v w(k+1)^{3} . \end{array}

Then the left side of the original expression
(1+k3)3k3(k+1)3=(k+1k1)3 \leqslant \frac{\left(1+k^{3}\right)^{3}}{k^{3}(k+1)^{3}}=\left(k+\frac{1}{k}-1\right)^{3} \text {. }

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.