Prove that we have
e2πin1−11=(e2πin1−1)(e−2πin1+1)e−2πin1+1=e2πin1−e−2πin11+cos(−n2π)+isin(−n2π)=2isinn2π1+cosn2π−isinn2π=−21−2sinn2π1+cosn2πi
By Lemma 7, we have
==m=1∑n−1me2πinm−e2πin1−1n=0m=1∑n−1mcosn2πm+im=1∑n−1msinn2πm−n(−21−(2sinn2π1+cosn2π)i)m=1∑n−1mcosn2πm+2n+(m=1∑n−1msinn2πm+2sinn2π(1+cosn2π)n)i=0, hence Lemma 8 is proved.