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Algebra Difficulty 6.9 National olympiad Prove it

Example 4 Let positive real numbers a,b,ca, b, c satisfy abc=1abc=1. Prove:
(a1+1b)(b1+1c)(c1+1a)1.\left(a-1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(b-1+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(c-1+\frac{1}{a}\right) \leqslant 1 .

Solution

Prove that using the conditions, equation (7) can be rewritten as
(a(abc)13+(abc)23b)(b(abc)13+(abc)23c)(c(abc)13+(abc)23a)abc\begin{aligned} & \left(a-(a b c)^{\frac{1}{3}}+\frac{(a b c)^{\frac{2}{3}}}{b}\right)\left(b-(a b c)^{\frac{1}{3}}+\frac{(a b c)^{\frac{2}{3}}}{c}\right)\left(c-(a b c)^{\frac{1}{3}}\right. \\ + & \left.\frac{(a b c)^{\frac{2}{3}}}{a}\right) \leqslant a b c \end{aligned}

Then set a=x3a = x^3, b=y3b = y^3, c=z3c = z^3, where x,y,z>0x, y, z > 0. Thus, equation (7) becomes
(x3xyz+(xyz)2y3)(y3xyz+(xyz)2z3)(z3xyz+(xyz)2x3)x3y3z3\begin{aligned} & \left(x^{3}-x y z+\frac{(x y z)^{2}}{y^{3}}\right)\left(y^{3}-x y z+\frac{(x y z)^{2}}{z^{3}}\right)\left(z^{3}-x y z\right. \\ + & \left.\frac{(x y z)^{2}}{x^{3}}\right) \leqslant x^{3} y^{3} z^{3} \end{aligned}

By Schur's inequality, we know

that is \square
3(x2y)(y2x)(z2x)+cyc (x2y)3sym (x2y)2(y2z),3\left(x^{2} y\right)\left(y^{2} x\right)\left(z^{2} x\right)+\sum_{\text {cyc }}\left(x^{2} y\right)^{3} \geqslant \sum_{\text {sym }}\left(x^{2} y\right)^{2}\left(y^{2} z\right),
3x3y3z3+cyc x6y3cyc x4y4z+cyc x5y2z2,(x2yy2z+z2x)(y2zz2x+x2y)(z2xx2y+y2z)x3y3z3.\begin{array}{l} \quad 3 x^{3} y^{3} z^{3}+\sum_{\text {cyc }} x^{6} y^{3} \geqslant \sum_{\text {cyc }} x^{4} y^{4} z+\sum_{\text {cyc }} x^{5} y^{2} z^{2}, \\ \left(x^{2} y-y^{2} z+z^{2} x\right)\left(y^{2} z-z^{2} x+x^{2} y\right)\left(z^{2} x-x^{2} y+y^{2} z\right) \\ \leqslant x^{3} y^{3} z^{3} . \end{array}

By equation (9), we know that equation (8) holds, thus equation (7) holds.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.