At a chess tournament the winner gets 1 point and the defeated one 0 points. A tie makes both obtaining points. 14 players, none of them equally aged, participated in a competition where everybody played against all the other players. After the competition a ranking was carried out. Of the two players with the same number of points the younger received the better ranking. After the competition Jan realizes that the best three players together got as many points as the last 9 players obtained points together. And Joerg noted that the number of ties was maximal. Determine the number of ties.
Solution
1. Define the Problem and Variables:
- There are 14 players, each playing against every other player.
- Points: Win = 1, Loss = 0, Tie = .
- The best three players (set ) have the same total points as the last nine players (set ).
- The number of ties is maximal.
2. Total Number of Games:
- Each player plays against 13 others.
- Total number of games:
3. Points Distribution:
- Total points in the tournament:
- Let be the total points of players in set .
- Given: .
4. **Points Calculation for Sets and :**
- Points for set :
(3 games among themselves and 11 games each against others)
- Points for set :
(36 games among themselves)
5. Equality Condition:
- Since , we have:
- Players in win all games against .
- Players in win all games against .
6. Games within Sets:
- **Set :**
- Cannot have all three players draw (would result in same score).
- Possible scenario: , , .
- Result: with 2 draws.
- **Set :**
- Net games won by nine players must sum to zero.
- At least 4 distinct with the same sign.
- Minimum sum of positive : .
- Possible scenario: , , , .
- Result: 10 games won, 26 draws.
7. **Set :
- Unique pair with the same score.
- Additional draw: 1 draw.
8. Total Number of Draws:**
- Draws in set : 2
- Draws in set : 26
- Draws in set : 1
- Total draws:
The final answer is