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Algebra Difficulty 4.7 AIME Prove it

Given a sequence {an}\{a_n\} where a1=3a_1=3, a2=5a_2=5, and the sum of the first nn terms of the sequence {an}\{a_n\}, denoted as SnS_n, satisfies Sn+Sn2=2Sn1+2S_n+S_{n-2}=2S_{n-1}+2 for n3n\geq3
(1) Prove that {an}\{a_n\} is an arithmetic sequence;
(2) Let bn=an3nb_n= \frac {a_{n}}{3^{n}}, deduce the sum of the first nn terms of the sequence {bn}\{b_n\}, denoted as TnT_n.

Solution

Solution:
(1) From Sn+Sn2=2Sn1+2S_n+S_{n-2}=2S_{n-1}+2 (for n3n\geq3), we know that SnSn1=Sn1Sn2+2S_n-S_{n-1}=S_{n-1}-S_{n-2}+2,
Therefore, an=an1+2a_n=a_{n-1}+2, which implies anan1=2a_n-a_{n-1}=2 (for n3n\geq3).
Since a2a1=2a_2-a_1=2,
it follows that anan1=2a_n-a_{n-1}=2 (for n2n\geq2),
Therefore, {an}\{a_n\} is an arithmetic sequence.
(2) From (1), we know that an=2n+1a_{n}=2n+1, thus bn=2n+13nb_{n}= \frac {2n+1}{3^{n}},
Therefore, Tn=b1+b2++bn=3×13+5×132++(2n+1)×13nT_{n}=b_{1}+b_{2}+\ldots+b_{n}=3\times \frac {1}{3}+5\times \frac {1}{3^{2}}+\ldots+(2n+1)\times \frac {1}{3^{n}}  (1)
13Tn=3×132+5×133++(2n+1)×13n+1\frac {1}{3}T_{n}=3\times \frac {1}{3^{2}}+5\times \frac {1}{3^{3}}+\ldots+(2n+1)\times \frac {1}{3^{n+1}}  (2)
Subtracting (2) from (1) gives: 23Tn=3×13+2×132+2×133++2×13n(2n+1)×13n+1\frac {2}{3}T_{n}=3\times \frac {1}{3}+2\times \frac {1}{3^{2}}+2\times \frac {1}{3^{3}}+\ldots+2\times \frac {1}{3^{n}}-(2n+1)\times \frac {1}{3^{n+1}},
Therefore, 23Tn=13+2(13(113n)113)(2n+1)×13n+1=4313n(2n+1)13n+1\frac {2}{3}T_{n}= \frac {1}{3}+2\left( \frac { \frac {1}{3}(1- \frac {1}{3^{n}})}{1- \frac {1}{3}}\right)-(2n+1)\times \frac {1}{3^{n+1}}= \frac {4}{3}- \frac {1}{3^{n}}-(2n+1)\cdot \frac {1}{3^{n+1}},
Therefore, Tn=2(n+2)13nT_{n}=2-(n+2)\cdot \frac {1}{3^{n}}.

Thus, the answers are:
(1) The sequence {an} is an arithmetic sequence.\boxed{\text{The sequence } \{a_n\} \text{ is an arithmetic sequence.}}
(2) Tn=2(n+2)13n\boxed{T_{n}=2-(n+2)\cdot \frac {1}{3^{n}}}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.