AlgebraDifficulty 7.4National olympiad, round 2Prove it
Example 12 (Original Problem, 2003.09.25) In △ABC, the lengths of the three sides are a,b,c, then 4b3c3⩾(b+c)2(−a+b+c)2(a−b+c)(a+b−c)
Equality in (18) holds if and only if △ABC is an equilateral triangle.
Solution
Proof (17)⇔4b3c3⩾(b+c)2[c2−(a−b)2][b2−(c−a)2]⇔ 4b3c3⩾b2c2(b+c)2+(b+c)2(a−b)2(c−a)2− b2(b+c)2(b−a)2−c2(b+c)2(c−a)2⇔ b2(b+c)2(b−a)2+c2(b+c)2(c−a)2⩾ b2c2(b−c)2+(b+c)2(a−b)2(c−a)2⇔ [b3(b+c)(b−a)2+b3c(b−a)2+b2c2(b−a)2]+ [c3(b+c)(c−a)2+bc3(c−a)2+b2c2(c−a)2]⩾ [b2c2(b−a)2+b2c2(a−c)2+2b2c2(b−a)(a−c)]+ (b+c)2(b−a)2(c−a)2⇔ [b3(b+c)(b−a)2+c3(b+c)(c−a)2−(b+c)2(b−a)2(c−a)2]+ bc[b2(b−a)2+c2(c−a)2+2bc(b−a)(c−a)]⩾0⇔ (b+c)[b(b+c−a)(b−c+a)(b−a)2+ c(c+b−a)(c−b+a)(c−a)2]+ bc[b(b−a)+c(c−a)]2⩾0 This inequality is obviously true. Note 1. Equation (18) is equivalent to 2Rwa⩾a(−a+b+c) where R is the circumradius of △ABC, and wa is the angle bisector of side a.
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