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Algebra Difficulty 6.2 National olympiad Prove it

Sure, here is the translated text:

```
II. (50 points) Let x1,x2,,x2000x_{1}, x_{2}, \cdots, x_{2000} be 2000 real numbers, satisfying xi[0,1](i=1,2,,2000)x_{i} \in [0,1] (i=1,2, \cdots, 2000). Define
Fi=xi2000j=12000xj3999xi3999+2000. F_{i}=\frac{x_{i}^{2000}}{\sum_{j=1}^{2000} x_{j}^{3999} - x_{i}^{3999} + 2000}.

Find the maximum value of i=12000Fi\sum_{i=1}^{2000} F_{i}, and prove your conclusion.
```

Solution

Two, the maximum value of i=12000Fi\sum_{i=1}^{2000} F_{i} is 20003999\frac{2000}{3999}.
Actually, since xi[0,1]x_{i} \in[0,1], first
i=12000Fii=12000xi2000i=12000xi3999+1999, \sum_{i=1}^{2000} F_{i} \leqslant \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{2000} x_{i}^{2000}}{\sum_{i=1}^{2000} x_{i}^{3999}+1999},

Let the right side of the inequality be SS, we only need to prove S20003999S \leqslant \frac{2000}{3999}.
That is, i=12000xi200020003999(i=12000xi3999+1999)\sum_{i=1}^{2000} x_{i}^{2000} \leqslant \frac{2000}{3999}\left(\sum_{i=1}^{2000} x_{i}^{3999}+1999\right).
Let f(xi)=20003999xi3999xi2000+19993999f\left(x_{i}\right)=\frac{2000}{3999} x_{i}^{3999}-x_{i}^{2000}+\frac{1999}{3999}.
(We only need to prove that for i=1,2,,2000,f(xi)0\forall i=1,2, \cdots, 2000, f\left(x_{i}\right) \geqslant 0)

And
 3999 f(x)=2000x39993999x2000+1999=2000x2000(x19991)1999(x20001)=(x1)[2000x2000(x1998+x1997++1)1999(x1999+x1998++1)]=(x1)[i=20003998(xi1) \begin{array}{l} \text { 3999 } f(x)=2000 x^{3999}-3999 x^{2000}+1999 \\ =2000 x^{2000}\left(x^{1999}-1\right)-1999\left(x^{2000}-1\right) \\ =(x-1)\left[2000 x^{2000}\left(x^{1998}+x^{1997}+\cdots+1\right)\right. \\ \left.\quad-1999\left(x^{1999}+x^{1998}+\cdots+1\right)\right] \\ =(x-1)\left[\sum_{i=2000}^{3998}\left(x^{i}-1\right)\right. \end{array}
+1999i=11999(xi+1999xi]=(x1)2[i=20003998(xi1+xi2++1)+1999i=019988xii=11999xi] \begin{aligned} & +1999 \sum_{i=1}^{1999}\left(x^{i+1999}-x^{i}\right] \\ = & (x-1)^{2}\left[\sum_{i=2000}^{3998}\left(x^{i-1}+x^{i-2}+\cdots+1\right)\right. \\ & \left.+1999 \sum_{i=0}^{19988} x^{i} \sum_{i=1}^{1999} x^{i}\right] \end{aligned}
0\geqslant 0.
Therefore, equation (1) holds. The condition for equality is
x1=x2==x2000=1. x_{1}=x_{2}=\cdots=x_{2000}=1 .

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.