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Geometry Difficulty 6.3 National olympiad Prove it

ABCD\mathrm{ABCD} is a square. P,Q\mathrm{P}, \mathrm{Q} are points on the sides BC,CD\mathrm{BC}, \mathrm{CD} respectively, distinct from the endpoints such that BP=CQ\mathrm{BP}=\mathrm{CQ}. X,Y\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{Y} are points on AP,AQ\mathrm{AP}, \mathrm{AQ} respectively. Show that there is a triangle with side lengths BX,XY,YDB X, X Y, Y D.

Solution

We have DYDAY\mathrm{DY}\angle \mathrm{DAY} ). Similarly, BXPAQ\mathrm{BX}\angle \mathrm{PAQ}, so it follows by the same observation as above that XY>XY\mathrm{XY}^{\prime}>\mathrm{XY}. But the claim is almost obvious. Note that PQ=AB\mathrm{PQ}^{\prime}=\mathrm{AB}

So take P\mathrm{P}^{\prime} on AD\mathrm{AD} with PPQP=90\angle \mathrm{P}^{\prime} \mathrm{PQ} \mathrm{P}^{\prime}=90^{\circ}. Then A\mathrm{A} lies inside the circle PPQ\mathrm{P}^{\prime} \mathrm{PQ}^{\prime}, so extend PA\mathrm{PA} to meet it again at A\mathrm{A}^{\prime}. Then PAQ=PPQ=45\angle \mathrm{PA}^{\prime} \mathrm{Q}^{\prime}=\angle \mathrm{PP}^{\prime} \mathrm{Q}^{\prime}=45^{\circ}, so PAQ=PAQ+AQQ>45\angle \mathrm{PAQ}^{\prime}=\angle \mathrm{PA}^{\prime} \mathrm{Q}^{\prime}+\angle \mathrm{AQ}^{\prime} \mathrm{Q}^{\prime}>45^{\circ}. But PAQ+PAQ=90\angle \mathrm{PAQ}^{\prime}+\angle \mathrm{PAQ}=90^{\circ}, so PAQ>PAQ\angle \mathrm{PAQ}^{\prime}>\angle \mathrm{PAQ} as claimed.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.