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Algebra Difficulty 6.2 National olympiad Prove it

Example 9 Let ma,mb,mcm_{a}, m_{b}, m_{c} be the three medians of ABC\triangle A B C, prove that: ma2+mb2+mc2s2m_{a}^{2}+m_{b}^{2}+m_{c}^{2} \geqslant s^{2} (where ss is the semiperimeter of ABC\triangle A B C).

Solution

Proof: From Apollonius's theorem: 4ma2=2b2+2c24 m_{a}^{2}=2 b^{2}+2 c^{2}
a2, we get 4(ma2+mb2+mc2)=(2b2+2c2a2)+(2c2+2a2b2)+(2a2+2b2c2)=3a2+3b2+3c2.\begin{array}{l} -a^{2}, \text { we get } 4\left(m_{a}^{2}+m_{b}^{2}+m_{c}^{2}\right)=\left(2 b^{2}+2 c^{2}-a^{2}\right) \\ +\left(2 c^{2}+2 a^{2}-b^{2}\right)+\left(2 a^{2}+2 b^{2}-c^{2}\right)=3 a^{2}+ \\ 3 b^{2}+3 c^{2} . \end{array}

Obviously, the function f(x)=3x2f(x)=3 x^{2} is a convex function in (0,+)(0,+\infty), so by Jensen's inequality we get:
3a2+3b2+3c23[3(a+b+c3)2]=3 a^{2}+3 b^{2}+3 c^{2} \geqslant 3\left[3 \cdot\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^{2}\right]=
4s24 s^{2}, that is: ma2+mb2+mc2s2m_{a}^{2}+m_{b}^{2}+m_{c}^{2} \geqslant s^{2}.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.