Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /78 of 173

Algebra Difficulty 2.6 Junior Find the answer

The sum of four different positive integers is 100. The largest of these four integers is nn. What is the smallest possible value of nn?

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

Suppose that the integers a<b<c<na < b < c < n have a+b+c+n=100a + b + c + n = 100. Since a<b<c<na < b < c < n, then a+b+c+n<n+n+n+n=4na + b + c + n < n + n + n + n = 4n. Thus, 100<4n100 < 4n and so n>25n > 25. Since nn is an integer, then nn is at least 26. Could nn be 26? In this case, we would have a+b+c=10026=74a + b + c = 100 - 26 = 74. If n=26n = 26, then a+b+ca + b + c is at most 23+24+25=7223 + 24 + 25 = 72, which means that we cannot have a+b+c=74a + b + c = 74. Therefore, nn cannot be 26. Could nn be 27? In this case, we would have a+b+c=10027=73a + b + c = 100 - 27 = 73. Here, we could have a+b+c=23+24+26=73a + b + c = 23 + 24 + 26 = 73, and so n=27n = 27 is possible, which means that the smallest possible value of nn is 27.

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: Omni-MATH, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.