Determine the number of 8-tuples of nonnegative integers satisfying , for each , and .
Solution
For each , note that set of pairs with maps bijectively to the set of nonnegative integers through the map , as is simply the remainder of upon division by . By letting , we see that the problem is equivalent to finding the number of quadruples of nonnegative integers such that . This is the same as finding the number of quadruples of positive integers such that . By a standard "dots and bars" argument, we see that the answer is .
Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track
puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.