Note that 161f(2x)=x4+7x3+13x2+7x+1. Because the coefficients of this polynomial are symmetric, if r is a root of f(x) then r4 is as well. Further, f(−1)=−1 and f(−2)=16 so f(x) has two distinct roots on (−2,0) and two more roots on (−∞,−2). Now, if σ is a permutation of {1,2,3,4} : ∣zσ(1)zσ(2)+zσ(3)zσ(4)∣≤21(zσ(1)zσ(2)+zσ(3)zσ(4)+zσ(4)zσ(3)+zσ(2)zσ(1)) Let the roots be ordered z1≤z2≤z3≤z4, then by rearrangement the last expression is at least: 21(z1z4+z2z3+z3z2+z4z1) Since the roots come in pairs z1z4=z2z3=4, our expression is minimized when σ(1)=1,σ(2)=4,σ(3)=3,σ(4)=2 and its minimum value is 8.