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International Zhautykov Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 6.3 National Olympiad Find the answer

A convex hexagon ABCDEFA B C D E F is inscribed in a circle. Prove the inequality AC⋅BD⋅CE⋅DF⋅AE⋅BF≥27AB⋅BC⋅CD⋅DE⋅EF⋅FAA C \cdot B D \cdot C E \cdot D F \cdot A E \cdot B F \geq 27 A B \cdot B C \cdot C D \cdot D E \cdot E F \cdot F A.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

Let d1=AB⋅BC⋅CD⋅DE⋅EF⋅FA,d2=AC⋅BD⋅CE⋅DF⋅AE⋅BF,d3=AD⋅BE⋅CFd_{1}=A B \cdot B C \cdot C D \cdot D E \cdot E F \cdot F A, d_{2}=A C \cdot B D \cdot C E \cdot D F \cdot A E \cdot B F, d_{3}=A D \cdot B E \cdot C F. Applying Ptolemy's theorem to quadrilaterals ABCD,BCDE,CDEF,DEFA,EFAB,FABCA B C D, B C D E, C D E F, D E F A, E F A B, F A B C, we obtain six equations AC⋅BD−AB⋅CD=BC⋅AD,…,FB⋅AC−FA⋅BC=AB⋅FCA C \cdot B D-A B \cdot C D=B C \cdot A D, \ldots, F B \cdot A C-F A \cdot B C=A B \cdot F C. Putting these equations in the well-known inequality (a1−b1)(a2−b2)⋅…⋅(a6−b6)6≤a1a2…a66−b1b2…b66(ai≥bi>0,i=1,…,6)\sqrt[6]{\left(a_{1}-b_{1}\right)\left(a_{2}-b_{2}\right) \cdot \ldots \cdot\left(a_{6}-b_{6}\right)} \leq \sqrt[6]{a_{1} a_{2} \ldots a_{6}}-\sqrt[6]{b_{1} b_{2} \ldots b_{6}} \quad\left(a_{i} \geq b_{i}>0, i=1, \ldots, 6\right) we get d33d16≤d23−d13(1)\sqrt[3]{d_{3}} \sqrt[6]{d_{1}} \leq \sqrt[3]{d_{2}}-\sqrt[3]{d_{1}} \tag{1} Applying Ptolemy's theorem to quadrilaterals ACDF,ABDEA C D F, A B D E и BCEFB C E F, we obtain three equations AD⋅CF=AC⋅DF+AF⋅CD,AD⋅BE=BD⋅AE+AB⋅DE,BE⋅CF=BF⋅CE+BC⋅EFA D \cdot C F=A C \cdot D F+A F \cdot C D, A D \cdot B E=B D \cdot A E+A B \cdot D E, B E \cdot C F=B F \cdot C E+B C \cdot E F. Putting these equations in the well-known inequality (a1+b1)(a2+b2)(a3+b3)3≥a1a2a33+b1b2b33(ai>0,bi>0,i=1,2,3)\sqrt[3]{\left(a_{1}+b_{1}\right)\left(a_{2}+b_{2}\right)\left(a_{3}+b_{3}\right)} \geq \sqrt[3]{a_{1} a_{2} a_{3}}+\sqrt[3]{b_{1} b_{2} b_{3}}\left(a_{i}>0, b_{i}>0, i=1,2,3\right) we get d323≥d23+d13(2)\sqrt[3]{d_{3}^{2}} \geq \sqrt[3]{d_{2}}+\sqrt[3]{d_{1}} \tag{2} It follows from (1) and (2) that (d23−d13)2≥d13(d23+d13)(\sqrt[3]{d_{2}}-\sqrt[3]{d_{1}})^{2} \geq \sqrt[3]{d_{1}}(\sqrt[3]{d_{2}}+\sqrt[3]{d_{1}}), that is, d23≥3d13\sqrt[3]{d_{2}} \geq 3 \sqrt[3]{d_{1}} and d2≥27d1d_{2} \geq 27 d_{1}, q.e.d.

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