GeometryDifficulty 7.1National olympiad, round 2Find the answer
Given a acute triangle PA1B1 is inscribed in the circle Γ with radius 1. for all integers n≥1 are defined: Cn the foot of the perpendicular from P to AnBn On is the center of ⊙(PAnBn) An+1 is the foot of the perpendicular from Cn to PAn Bn+1≡PBn∩OnAn+1
If PC1=2, find the length of PO2015
Cono Sur Olympiad - 2015 - Day 1 - Problem 3
A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.
Solution
Given an acute triangle PA1B1 inscribed in the circle Γ with radius 1, we have the following recursive setup and task to find PO2015.
Definitions: - Cn is the foot of the perpendicular from P to AnBn. - On is the center of the circumcircle ⊙(PAnBn). - An+1 is the foot of the perpendicular from Cn to PAn. - Bn+1≡PBn∩OnAn+1. - Given PC1=2.
Objective: Find PO2015.
Analysis: 1. Since PA1B1 is inscribed in Γ with radius 1, the circumradius R1 of △PA1B1 is 1.
2. The given PC1=2 helps determine P's relation to the center of Γ.
3. In each step, the sequence (An,Bn,Cn) is such that Cn is always the foot of a perpendicular, which remains consistent under the transformations defined.
4. The key recursive behavior: - Use that point On forms continuously with halved distances due to the perpendicular projections and geometric transformations enforced by the problem constraints.
5. Recognizing the pattern obtained from perpendicular foot C reductions and orthogonality implies: POn+1=21POn At each step from n to n+1, the circumscribed circumcircle radius for triangle △PAnBn is halved.
6. Initial radius R1=1. Calculating POn based on PO1=2PC1=22.
7. Therefore, after any step n: POn=2n−11⋅PO1
8. Taking specific n=2015: PO2015=220141⋅22
9. Since 22=21=21/21, simplifying gives: PO2015=22014+1/21=22014.51=210071
Thus, the length of PO2015 is: 210071
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