Suppose is a set with elements, and is a divisor of . Find the number of consistent -configurations of of order 1.
Solution
Given such a -configuration, we can write out all the elements of one of the -element subsets, then all the elements of another subset, and so forth, eventually obtaining an ordering of all elements of . Conversely, given any ordering of the elements of , we can construct a consistent -configuration of order 1 from it by grouping together the first elements, then the next elements, and so forth. In fact, each consistent -configuration of order 1 corresponds to different such orderings, since the elements of within each of the -element subsets can be ordered in ways, and the various subsets can also be ordered with respect to each other in different ways. Thus, since there are orderings of the elements of , we get different consistent -configurations of order 1.