Maths Olympiad Prep

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Algebra Difficulty 2.4 Junior Find the answer

At the start of this month, Mathilde and Salah each had 100 coins. For Mathilde, this was 25% more coins than she had at the start of last month. For Salah, this was 20% fewer coins than he had at the start of last month. What was the total number of coins that they had at the start of last month?

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

Suppose that Mathilde had mm coins at the start of last month and Salah had ss coins at the start of last month. From the given information, 100 is 25% more than mm, so 100=1.25m100=1.25m which means that m=1001.25=80m=\frac{100}{1.25}=80. From the given information, 100 is 20% less than ss, so 100=0.80s100=0.80s which means that s=1000.80=125s=\frac{100}{0.80}=125. Therefore, at the beginning of last month, they had a total of m+s=80+125=205m+s=80+125=205 coins.

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