One day, there is a Street Art Show at somewhere, and there are some spectators around. We consider this place as an Euclidean plane. Let be the center of the show. And name the spectators by They pick their positions one by one. The positions need to satisfy the following three conditions simultaneously. (i) The distance between and is no less than 10 meters, that is, holds for any positive integer . (ii) The distance between and any previous spectator is no less than 1 meter, that is, holds for any and any . (iii) always choose the position closest to that satisfies (i) and (ii), that is, reaches its minimum possible value. If there are more than one point that satisfy (i) and (ii) and have the minimum distance to may choose any one of them. For example, is not restricted by (ii), so he may choose any point on the circle which is centered at with radius 10 meters. For , since there are lots of points on which are at least 1 meter apart from , he may choose anyone of them. (1) Which of the following statement is true? (A) There exist positive real numbers such that for any positive integer , no matter how choose their positions, always hold (unit: meter); (B) There exist positive real numbers such that for any positive integer , no matter how choose their positions, always hold (unit: meter); (C) There exist positive real numbers such that for any positive integer , no matter how choose their positions, always hold (unit: meter); (D) There exist positive real numbers such that for any positive integer , no matter how choose their positions, always hold (unit: meter).
Solution
The answer is B. Suppose the length of is meters. We consider the discs centered at with radius 1 meter. Use the property of we get that these discs and the interior of cover the disc centered at with radius , so It follows that On the other hand, we consider the discs centered at with radius meter. Since the distance between any two of is not less than 1 meter, all these discs do not intersect. Note that every length of is not more than meter (If the length of is more than meter, then can choose , which is closer to , contradiction.) So all these discs are inside the circle centered at with radius , and So For ; For , we have that , so Therefore, , (B) is correct.
Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track
puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.