The graph of the equation x+y=⌊x2+y2⌋ consists of several line segments. Compute the sum of their lengths.
A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.
Solution
We split into cases on the integer k=⌊x2+y2⌋. Note that x+y=k but x2+y2≥21(x+y)2=21k2 and x2+y2<k+1, which forces k≤2. If k=0, the region defined by 0≤x2+y2<1 and x+y=0 is the diameter from (22,−22) to (−22,22), which has length 2 . If k=1, the region 1≤x2+y2<2 and x+y=1 consists of two segments, which is the chord on x2+y2=2 minus the chord on x2+y2=1. The former has length 2(2)2−(22)2=6, and the latter has length 212−(22)2=2. So the total length here is 6−2. If k=2, the region 2≤x2+y2<3 and x+y=1 is the chord on x2+y2=3, which has length 2(3)2−(2)2=2. Our final answer is 2+(6−2)+2=4+6−2.
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