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Geometry Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Find the answer

Let ABCDA B C D be a quadrilateral, and let E,F,G,HE, F, G, H be the respective midpoints of AB,BC,CD,DAA B, B C, C D, D A. If EG=12E G=12 and FH=15F H=15, what is the maximum possible area of ABCDA B C D?

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

The area of EFGHE F G H is EGFHsinθ/2E G \cdot F H \sin \theta / 2, where θ\theta is the angle between EGE G and FHF H. This is at most 90. However, we claim the area of ABCDA B C D is twice that of EFGHE F G H. To see this, notice that EF=AC/2=GH,FG=BD/2=HEE F=A C / 2=G H, F G=B D / 2=H E, so EFGHE F G H is a parallelogram. The half of this parallelogram lying inside triangle DABD A B has area (BD/2)(h/2)(B D / 2)(h / 2), where hh is the height from AA to BDB D, and triangle DABD A B itself has area BDh/2=2(BD/2)(h/2)B D \cdot h / 2=2 \cdot(B D / 2)(h / 2). A similar computation holds in triangle BCDB C D, proving the claim. Thus, the area of ABCDA B C D is at most 180. And this maximum is attainable - just take a rectangle with AB=CD=A B=C D= 15,BC=DA=1215, B C=D A=12.

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