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Combinatorics Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Find the answer

Let AA be the number of unordered pairs of ordered pairs of integers between 1 and 6 inclusive, and let BB be the number of ordered pairs of unordered pairs of integers between 1 and 6 inclusive. (Repetitions are allowed in both ordered and unordered pairs.) Find ABA-B.

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

There are 666 \cdot 6 ordered pairs of integers between 1 and 6 inclusive and 21 unordered pairs of integers \left(\binom{6}{2}=15\right.differentpairsand6doubles).Then, different pairs and 6 doubles). Then, A=\binom{36}{2}+36=666and and B=21 \cdot 21=441.Therefore. Therefore A-B=225.Forgeneral. For general n,thereare, there are n^{2}orderedpairsofintegersandn(n+1)2 ordered pairs of integers and \frac{n(n+1)}{2} unordered pairs of integers. Then A=n2(n2+1)2A=\frac{n^{2}\left(n^{2}+1\right)}{2} and B=n2(n+1)24B=\frac{n^{2}(n+1)^{2}}{4} so AB=n2(2(n2+1)(n+1)2)4=(n(n1)2)2A-B=\frac{n^{2}\left(2\left(n^{2}+1\right)-(n+1)^{2}\right)}{4}=\left(\frac{n(n-1)}{2}\right)^{2}

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