Given two distinct points and line that is not perpendicular to , what is the maximum possible number of points on such that is an isosceles triangle?
Solution
In an isosceles triangle, one vertex lies on the perpendicular bisector of the opposite side. Thus, either is the intersection of and , or lies on the circle centered at with radius , or lies on the circle centered at with radius . Each circle-line intersection has at most two solutions, and the line-line intersection has at most one, giving 5. This can be easily constructed by taking any , and taking that isn't a diameter but intersects both relevant circles twice.
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