Find all functions such that
holds for all .
Solution
To solve the functional equation given by
for all , we aim to determine a function that satisfies this relationship.
### Step 1: Assume a functional form
Since , first consider a simple form for , such as . We need to verify if this candidate satisfies the functional equation.
### Step 2: Verification
Substitute into the left-hand side of the given equation:
This simplifies to:
because .
Now, consider the right-hand side:
This aligns with the left-hand side since:
Thus, satisfies the functional equation.
### Step 3: Conclusion
The function is consistent with the functional equation provided. Therefore, the solution to the problem is:
This solution meets the criteria for all and satisfies the given functional equation throughout the domain of .
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