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Geometry Difficulty 2.4 Junior Find the answer

Two circles are centred at the origin. The point P(8,6)P(8,6) is on the larger circle and the point S(0,k)S(0, k) is on the smaller circle. If QR=3Q R=3, what is the value of kk?

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

We can determine the distance from OO to PP by dropping a perpendicular from PP to TT on the xx-axis. We have OT=8O T=8 and PT=6P T=6, so by the Pythagorean Theorem, OP2=OT2+PT2=82+62=64+36=100O P^{2}=O T^{2}+P T^{2}=8^{2}+6^{2}=64+36=100. Since OP>0O P>0, then OP=100=10O P=\sqrt{100}=10. Therefore, the radius of the larger circle is 10. Thus, OR=10O R=10. Since QR=3Q R=3, then OQ=ORQR=103=7O Q=O R-Q R=10-3=7. Therefore, the radius of the smaller circle is 7. Since SS is on the positive yy-axis and is 7 units from the origin, then the coordinates of SS are (0,7)(0,7), which means that k=7k=7.

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