Find all integers and such that the fifth power of minus the fifth power of is equal to .
Solution
We are tasked with finding all integer pairs such that:
Step 1: Algebraic Manipulation
We begin by rewriting the given equation as:
Step 2: Factorization
Using the identity for the difference of powers, we have:
Thus, the equation becomes:
Step 3: Special Case Analysis
Consider the case when . Substituting into the equation, we get:
This equation holds if and only if . Therefore, as well. Thus, one solution pair is .
Step 4: Nontrivial Cases
Now consider . Since is a factor, and is divisible by , we explore possible values. Rearranging, we have:
Assume and . Substituting gives:
Checking:
This previous setup does not work; choose and . Substituting gives:
Thus, is another solution.
Conclusion
The integer pairs that satisfy the given equation are:
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