Find all numbers with the following property: there is exactly one set of 8 different positive integers whose sum is .
Solution
The sum of 8 different positive integers is at least , so we must have . Now satisfies the desired property, since in this case we must have equality - the eight numbers must be . And if the eight numbers must be : if the highest number is 8 then the sum is , while if the highest number is more than 9 the sum is . So the highest number must be 9 , and then the remaining numbers must be . Thus also has the desired property. However, no other values of work: if then and are both sets of 8 distinct positive integers whose sum is . So are the only solutions.
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