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Problem 229

Number theory Difficulty 1.6 Find the answer CEMC Pascal · Canada · 2020

A positive integer nn is a multiple of 7. The square root of nn is between 17 and 18. How many possible values of nn are there?

22
33
44
55
66

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

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Official solution

Since the square root of nn is between 17 and 18, then nn is between 172=28917^2 = 289 and 182=32418^2 = 324.

Since nn is a multiple of 7, we need to count the number of multiples of 7 between 289 and 324.

Since 41×7=28741 \times 7 = 287 and 42×7=29442 \times 7 = 294, then 294294 is the smallest multiple of 7 larger than 289.

Since 46×7=32246 \times 7 = 322 and 47×7=32947 \times 7 = 329, then 322322 is the largest multiple of 7 smaller than 324.

This means that the multiples of 7 between 289 and 324 are 42×7=29442 \times 7 = 294, 43×7=30143 \times 7 = 301, 44×7=30844 \times 7 = 308, 45×7=31545 \times 7 = 315, and 46×7=32246 \times 7 = 322, of which there are 5.

(We note that we could have determined that there were 5 such multiples by calculating 4642+146 - 42 + 1 which equals 5.)

Therefore, there are 5 possible values for nn.

Source: CEMC, University of Waterloo, licensed CC-BY-NC-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.