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Problem 618

AMC 10/12, early questions
Number theory Difficulty 3.7 Find the answer CEMC Cayley · Canada · 2022

There are exactly four ordered pairs of positive integers (x,y)(x,y) that satisfy the equation 20x+11y=88120x+11y=881. Mehdi writes down the four
values of yy and adds the smallest
and largest of these values. What is this sum?

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

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Official solution

Since 20x+11y=88120x + 11y = 881, then
20x=88111y20x = 881 - 11y and 11y=88120x11y = 881 - 20x.

Since xx is an integer, then 20x20x is a multiple of 10 and so the units
digit of 20x20x is 0 which means that
the units digit of 88120x881-20x is 1,
and so the units digit of 11y11y is
1.

Since the units digit of 11y11y is 1,
then the units digit of yy is
1.

Since 20x20x is positive, then 11y=88120x11y = 881-20x is smaller than 881881, which means that 11y<88111y < 881 and so y<8811180.1y < \frac{881}{11} \approx 80.1.

Thus, the possible values of yy are
1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71.

We check each of these:

yy
$11y = 881 -
20x$
20x20x
xx

1
11
870
Not an integer

11
121
760
38

21
231
650
Not an integer

31
341
540
27

41
451
430
Not an integer

51
561
320
16

61
671
210
Not an integer

71
781
100
5

Therefore, the sum of the smallest and largest of the permissible
values of yy is 11+71=8211 + 71 = 82.

Source: CEMC, University of Waterloo, licensed CC-BY-NC-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.