Maths Olympiad Prep

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Problem 871

AMC 10/12, early questions
Number theory Difficulty 3.9 Find the answer PMO National Stage Oral Phase · Philippines

How many different integral solutions (x,y)(x, y) does 3∣x∣+5∣y∣=1003|x|+5|y|=100 have?

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

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Official solution

Solution:

From 3∣x∣+5∣y∣=1003|x|+5|y|=100, we have 3∣x∣=100−5∣y∣=5(20−∣y∣)3|x|=100-5|y|=5(20-|y|). This implies that 20−∣y∣20-|y| must be divisible by 33 and it must be nonnegative. Thus, y=±2,±5,±8,±11,±14,±17,±20y= \pm 2, \pm 5, \pm 8, \pm 11, \pm 14, \pm 17, \pm 20. Since each possible value of yy has two possible xx values except for y=±20y= \pm 20, then the number of ordered pairs is given by 12×2+2=2612 \times 2+2=26.

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