Number theoryDifficulty 3.5Prove itJapan Junior Mathematical Olympiad · Japan
Determine the smallest positive integer with the last 4 digits 9999, which is divisible by 2011.
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Official solution
Let n be a positive integer for which the last 4 digits of 2011n is 9999. Since the one's digit of 2011n is 9, the one's digit of n has to be 9. Therefore, we can represent n in the form n=10k+9 where k is a non-negative integer. Then we must have 2011n=10⋅2011k+18099 and since the ten's digit of 2011n is 9, we see that the one's digit of k has to be 0. Thus we conclude that n=100ℓ+9 with some non-negative integer ℓ. We then have 2011n=100⋅2011ℓ+18099, and since the hundred's digit of this number is 9 we must have 9 for the one's digit of 2011ℓ, and therefore, the one's digit of ℓ must be 9 as well. Consequently, we can represent n as n=1000m+909 with a non-negative integer m, and we have 2011n=1000⋅2011m+1827999, and since the thousand's digit of this number must also be 9, we have to have 2 for the one's digit of 2011m, which means that the one's digit of m must be 2. Thus we can conclude that the last 4 digits of n must be 2909 and since 2011⋅2909=5849999, we have 5849999 for the desired answer.
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