Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 5 / 83 of 400 #683 of 1964

Problem 683

AIME late
Number theory Difficulty 5.2 Prove it Japan Mathematical Olympiad · Japan

Determine the maximum possible value for the least common multiple of 4 distinct single digit positive integers.

This one wants a proof. Work it on paper, then read the official solution and mark yourself. Be honest about it: the record is only any use to you if it is.

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Official solution

Possible prime factors for a single digit positive integer are 22, 33, 55, 77, and since 24=162^4 = 16, 33=273^3 = 27, 52=255^2 = 25, 72=497^2 = 49, are all bigger than 1010, orders of 22, 33, 55, 77 that can appear in a prime factorization of a single digit positive integer would be less than or equal to 33, 22, 11, 11 respectively. Hence the least common multiple of 44 single digit positive integers is a divisor of 23×32×5×7=25202^3 \times 3^2 \times 5 \times 7 = 2520, and in particular, it must be less than or equal to this number. On the other hand, the least common multiple of 44 numbers 55, 77, 88, 99 is 25202520, and therefore, 25202520 is the desired answer.

Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.