Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 7 / 111 of 300 #1511 of 1964

Problem 1511

National olympiad second round; IMO P1/P4
Geometry Difficulty 7.2 Prove it

Triangle ABCABC is right angled at CC. Lines AMAM and BNBN are internal angle bisectors.
AMAM and BNBN intersect altitude CHCH at points PP and QQ respectively.
Prove that the line which passes through the midpoints of segments QNQN and PMPM is parallel to ABAB.

This one wants a proof. Work it on paper, then read the official solution and mark yourself. Be honest about it: the record is only any use to you if it is.

Official solution

1. Define Points and Midpoints:
Let UU and VV be the midpoints of BCBC and ACAC respectively. Let SS and TT be the midpoints of PMPM and QNQN respectively. We need to show that the line passing through SS and TT is parallel to ABAB.

2. Angle Bisectors and Altitude Intersection:
Since AMAM and BNBN are angle bisectors, they intersect the opposite sides at points MM and NN respectively. The altitude CHCH intersects AMAM at PP and BNBN at QQ.

3. Isosceles Triangle Property:
Notice that CMP=CPM=90A2\angle CMP = \angle CPM = 90^\circ - \frac{\angle A}{2}. This implies that CPM\triangle CPM is isosceles with CP=CMCP = CM. Since SS is the midpoint of PMPM, CSPMCS \perp PM.

4. Cyclic Quadrilateral:
Since CSPMCS \perp PM and SS is the midpoint of PMPM, quadrilateral AHSCAHSC is cyclic with center VV (the midpoint of ACAC). This is because VV is equidistant from AA and CC.

5. Parallel Lines:
In the cyclic quadrilateral AHSCAHSC, we have VSA=VAS=SAH\angle VSA = \angle VAS = \angle SAH. This implies that VSABVS \parallel AB. Therefore, SS lies on the line UVUV.

6. **Symmetry for TT:**
Similarly, by considering the properties of BQN\triangle BQN, we can show that TT lies on the line UVUV.

7. Conclusion:
Since both SS and TT lie on the line UVUV and UVABUV \parallel AB, the line passing through SS and TT is parallel to ABAB.

\blacksquare

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.