Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 7 / 115 of 300 #1515 of 1964

Problem 1515

National olympiad second round; IMO P1/P4
Geometry Difficulty 7.2 Prove it

Let ABCDABCD be a quadrilateral, let PP be the intersection of ABAB and CDCD, and let OO be the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of ABAB and CDCD. Suppose that OO does not lie on line ABAB and OO does not lie on line CDCD. Let BB' and DD' be the reflections of BB and DD across OPOP. Show that if ABAB' and CDCD' meet on OPOP, then ABCDABCD is cyclic.

This one wants a proof. Work it on paper, then read the official solution and mark yourself. Be honest about it: the record is only any use to you if it is.

Official solution

1. Identify Key Points and Properties:
- Let ABCDABCD be a quadrilateral.
- Let PP be the intersection of ABAB and CDCD.
- Let OO be the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of ABAB and CDCD.
- OO does not lie on line ABAB and OO does not lie on line CDCD.
- Let BB' and DD' be the reflections of BB and DD across OPOP.
- ABAB' and CDCD' meet on OPOP.

2. Define Intersection Point:
- Let X=ABCDOPX = AB' \cap CD' \cap OP.

3. **Properties of Point OO:**
- Since OO lies on the perpendicular bisectors of ABAB and CDCD, it is equidistant from AA and BB, and from CC and DD.
- OO is the midpoint of the arc ABAB in the circumcircle of APB\triangle APB'.

4. Inversion and Symmetry:
- By inversion in PP with radius PAPB\sqrt{PA \cdot PB'} and symmetry across OPOP, XX and OO are swapped.
- This implies that PXPO=PAPBPX \cdot PO = PA \cdot PB'.

5. Equality of Products:
- Since BB' is the reflection of BB across OPOP, PB=PBPB' = PB.
- Therefore, PXPO=PAPBPX \cdot PO = PA \cdot PB.

6. Cyclic Quadrilateral Condition:
- To show that ABCDABCD is cyclic, we need to show that PAPB=PCPDPA \cdot PB = PC \cdot PD.
- From the previous step, we have PXPO=PAPBPX \cdot PO = PA \cdot PB.
- Similarly, by the same inversion and symmetry argument, PXPO=PCPDPX \cdot PO = PC \cdot PD.

7. Conclusion:
- Since PAPB=PCPDPA \cdot PB = PC \cdot PD, it follows that ABCDABCD is cyclic.

\blacksquare

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.