Let be an odd prime number. For positive integer satisfying , the number of divisors of between and exclusive is . Find the value of .
Problem 1275
Official solution
1. Understanding the Problem:
We need to find the sum , where is the number of divisors of that lie strictly between and .
2. Analyzing the Divisors:
For each in the range , consider the number . We need to count the divisors of that are strictly between and .
3. Claim:
For a fixed (where ), contributes exactly once to one of .
4. Proof of the Claim:
Consider the numbers . We need to show that divides exactly one of these numbers.
- Since (because is a prime and ), does not divide .
- Therefore, must divide for some in the range .
To see why, consider the congruences:
Since , the numbers form a complete residue system modulo . Thus, will be congruent to modulo , respectively.
Therefore, will divide exactly one of these numbers for in the range .
5. Summing Up Contributions:
Each (where ) contributes exactly once to one of . Since there are such (from to ), the total sum is .
The final answer is .