Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 7 / 75 of 300 #1475 of 1964

Problem 1475

National olympiad second round; IMO P1/P4
Geometry Difficulty 7.1 Prove it

Points A,B,CA', B', C' lie on sides BC,CA,ABBC, CA, AB of triangle ABC.ABC. for a point XX one has AXB=ACB+ACB\angle AXB =\angle A'C'B' + \angle ACB and BXC=BAC+BAC.\angle BXC = \angle B'A'C' +\angle BAC. Prove that the quadrilateral XABCXA'BC' is cyclic.

This one wants a proof. Work it on paper, then read the official solution and mark yourself. Be honest about it: the record is only any use to you if it is.

Official solution

1. Given Conditions and Notations:
- Points A,B,C A', B', C' lie on sides BC,CA,AB BC, CA, AB of triangle ABC ABC .
- For a point X X , we have:
AXB=ACB+ACB \angle AXB = \angle A'C'B' + \angle ACB
BXC=BAC+BAC \angle BXC = \angle B'A'C' + \angle BAC

2. Objective:
- Prove that the quadrilateral XABC XA'BC' is cyclic.

3. **Introduction of Point P P :**
- Let P P be the intersection of the circumcircles of triangles ABC,ABC,ABC AB'C', A'BC', A'B'C .

4. Angle Chasing:
- Consider the circumcircle of ABC \triangle AB'C' . By the properties of cyclic quadrilaterals, we have:
APB=ACB+PAC+PBC \angle APB = \angle ACB + \angle PAC + \angle PBC
- Since P P lies on the circumcircle of ABC \triangle A'B'C , we can write:
PAC=PCB \angle PAC = \angle PC'B'
PBC=PCA \angle PBC = \angle PC'A'
- Therefore:
APB=ACB+PCB+PCA \angle APB = \angle ACB + \angle PC'B' + \angle PC'A'
- Given that AXB=ACB+ACB \angle AXB = \angle A'C'B' + \angle ACB , we can substitute:
APB=ACB+ACB \angle APB = \angle ACB + \angle A'C'B'
- This implies:
AXB=APB \angle AXB = \angle APB

5. **Verification for BXC \angle BXC :**
- Similarly, consider the circumcircle of ABC \triangle A'BC' . By the properties of cyclic quadrilaterals, we have:
BPC=BAC+BAC \angle BPC = \angle BAC + \angle B'A'C'
- Given that BXC=BAC+BAC \angle BXC = \angle B'A'C' + \angle BAC , we can substitute:
BPC=BAC+BAC \angle BPC = \angle BAC + \angle B'A'C'
- This implies:
BXC=BPC \angle BXC = \angle BPC

6. Conclusion:
- Since AXB=APB \angle AXB = \angle APB and BXC=BPC \angle BXC = \angle BPC , point P P coincides with point X X .
- Therefore, quadrilateral XABC XA'BC' is cyclic because X X lies on the circumcircle of ABC \triangle A'BC' .

\blacksquare

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.