Olympiad Maths Prep

Track / Stage 3 / 100 of 260 #100 of 2000

Problem 100

AMC 10/12, early questions
Number theory Difficulty 3.5 Find the answer

The positive integers A,B,AB,A, B, A-B, and A+BA+B are all prime numbers. The sum of these four primes is
(A) even(B) divisible by 3(C) divisible by 5(D) divisible by 7(E) prime\mathrm{(A)}\ \mathrm{even} \qquad\mathrm{(B)}\ \mathrm{divisible\ by\ }3 \qquad\mathrm{(C)}\ \mathrm{divisible\ by\ }5 \qquad\mathrm{(D)}\ \mathrm{divisible\ by\ }7 \qquad\mathrm{(E)}\ \mathrm{prime}

Official solution

Since ABA-B and A+BA+B must have the same parity, and since there is only one even prime number, it follows that ABA-B and A+BA+B are both odd. Thus one of A,BA, B is odd and the other even. Since A+B>A>AB>2A+B > A > A-B > 2, it follows that AA (as a prime greater than 22) is odd. Thus B=2B = 2, and A2,A,A+2A-2, A, A+2 are consecutive odd primes. At least one of A2,A,A+2A-2, A, A+2 is divisible by 33, from which it follows that A2=3A-2 = 3 and A=5A = 5. The sum of these numbers is thus 1717, a prime, so the answer is (E) prime\boxed{\mathrm{(E)}\ \text{prime}}.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.