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Problem 473 Algebra Difficulty 2.3 Find the answer CEMC Cayley
Suppose that 1 2 × 2 3 × 3 4 × 4 5 × ⋯ × n − 1 n = 1 8 \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{2}{3} \times \frac{3}{4} \times \frac{4}{5} \times \cdots \times \frac{n-1}{n}} = \frac{1}{8} 2 1 × 3 2 × 4 3 × 5 4 × ⋯ × n n − 1 = 8 1 . What is the value of n n n ?
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A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.
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Official solution Since 1 2 × 2 3 × 3 4 × 4 5 × ⋯ × n − 1 n = 1 8 \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{2}{3} \times \frac{3}{4} \times \frac{4}{5} \times \cdots \times \frac{n-1}{n}} = \frac{1}{8} 2 1 × 3 2 × 4 3 × 5 4 × ⋯ × n n − 1 = 8 1 , then squaring both sides, we obtain 1 2 × 2 3 × 3 4 × 4 5 × ⋯ × n − 1 n = 1 64 \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{2}{3} \times \frac{3}{4} \times \frac{4}{5} \times \cdots \times \frac{n-1}{n} = \frac{1}{64} 2 1 × 3 2 × 4 3 × 5 4 × ⋯ × n n − 1 = 64 1 . Simplifying the left side, we obtain 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × ⋯ × ( n − 1 ) 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × ⋯ × n = 1 64 \frac{1 \times 2 \times 3 \times 4 \times \cdots \times (n-1)}{2 \times 3 \times 4 \times 5 \times \cdots \times n} = \frac{1}{64} 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × ⋯ × n 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × ⋯ × ( n − 1 ) = 64 1 or 1 × ( 2 × 3 × 4 × ⋯ × ( n − 1 ) ) ( 2 × 3 × 4 × ⋯ × ( n − 1 ) ) × n = 1 64 \frac{1 \times (2 \times 3 \times 4 \times \cdots \times (n-1))}{(2 \times 3 \times 4 \times \cdots \times (n-1)) \times n} = \frac{1}{64} ( 2 × 3 × 4 × ⋯ × ( n − 1 )) × n 1 × ( 2 × 3 × 4 × ⋯ × ( n − 1 )) = 64 1 and so 1 n = 1 64 \frac{1}{n} = \frac{1}{64} n 1 = 64 1 which means that n = 64 n = 64 n = 64 .
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