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KöMaL problem A, 2025

Number theory Difficulty 7.0 National Olympiad, round 2 Prove it Hungary

Let the irrational number α=1−12a1−12a2−12a3−1…\alpha={1-\frac1{2a_1-\frac1{2a_2-\frac1{2a_3-\frac1{\dots}}}}}, where coefficients a1a_1, a2a_2, …\ldots are positive integers, infinitely many of which are greater than 11. Prove that for every positive integer NN at least half of the numbers ⌊α⌋,⌊2α⌋,…,⌊Nα⌋\lfloor \alpha \rfloor, \lfloor 2\alpha \rfloor,\ldots , \lfloor N\alpha \rfloor are even. ⌊x⌋\lfloor x \rfloor denotes the floor function of xx , which is the greatest integer less than or equal to xx.

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