Let be an acute triangle with . The incircle of the triangle touches the sides , and in , and , respectively. The perpendicular line erected from to intersects at , and, similarly, the perpendicular line erected at to intersects at . The line meets again in , and the line meets again in . Prove that .
Rubén Dario, Perú, and Leonard Giugliuc, Romania
Solutions — 2
Solution 1
Let . Applying Menelaus' theorem to the triangle and the transversal line we obtain: , i.e. , or , where the notations are the usual ones (1).
This means that triangles and are similar, therefore . From (1) it follows that , , and , which means that triangles and are similar, hence angles and are equal.
This leads to the arcs and being equal, and finally to .
Solution 2
Let be the intersection point of the altitude from with the line . Lines , , are parallel, therefore triangles and are similar, as are triangles and . We obtain and . Multiplying these two together, we obtain
(We have used that , and .)
It follows that the right triangles and are similar (SAS), which leads to the same ending as in the first proof.
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