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Saudi Arabian Mathematical Competitions

Geometry Difficulty 6.5 National Olympiad Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let IaI_{a} be the excenter of triangle ABCA B C with respect to AA. The line AIaA I_{a} intersects the circumcircle of triangle ABCA B C at TT. Let XX be a point on segment TIaT I_{a} such that XIa2=XA⋅XTX I_{a}^{2}=X A \cdot X T. The perpendicular line from XX to BCB C intersects BCB C at A′A^{\prime}. Define B′B^{\prime} and C′C^{\prime} in the same way. Prove that AA′A A^{\prime}, BB′B B^{\prime} and CC′C C^{\prime} are concurrent.

Solution

Let PP be the foot of perpendicular from IaI_{a} to BCB C, DD the midpoint of BCB C and SaS_{a} the reflection of AA with respect to SS. The line through II parallel to BCB C cuts APA P, AA′A A^{\prime}, AVA V at QQ, RR, LL, respectively.
Redefine A′A^{\prime} as follow: Let II be the incenter and SS the Spieker point of triangle ABCA B C. Assume that A′≡AS∩BCA^{\prime} \equiv A S \cap B C and VV is the reflection of PP with respect to A′A^{\prime}. Then we need to prove that A′A^{\prime} is also satisfy the given construction.
Figure 1
Since DD is clearly the midpoint of ISaI S_{a}, then A′A^{\prime} is the midpoint of RSaR S_{a}, so PSa∥RVP S_{a} \parallel R V and PSa⊥BCP S_{a} \perp B C and since DI∥APD I \parallel A P, PQDSaP Q D S_{a} is a parallelogram. This implies that DQ∥PSaD Q \parallel P S_{a} and DQ⊥BCD Q \perp B C.
As a result Q∈DTQ \in D T and VRV R is perpendicular bisector of LQL Q then
V(L,Q,R,P)=−1 V(L, Q, R, P) = -1
If RVR V cuts AIaA I_{a}, APA P at XaX_{a}, PaP_{a}, we also get
V(L,Q,R,P)=(A,Q,Pa,P)=(A,T,Xa,Ia)=−1 V(L, Q, R, P) = (A, Q, P_{a}, P) = (A, T, X_{a}, I_{a}) = -1
Then XX is midpoint of IaXaI_{a} X_{a} which implies that
XA′∥IaP∥XaV and XA′⊥BC. X A^{\prime} \parallel I_{a} P \parallel X_{a} V \text{ and } X A^{\prime} \perp B C \text{.}
It's similar to B′B^{\prime} and C′C^{\prime}. So AA′A A^{\prime}, BC′B C^{\prime}, CC′C C^{\prime} are concurrent at the Spieker point SS of △ABC\triangle A B C.

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