Maths Olympiad Prep

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, 2008

Algebra Difficulty 4.8 AIME Prove it Slovenia

Let the numbers aa and bb be such that a3+b3=13a^3 + b^3 = 13 and a9+b9=299a^9 + b^9 = -299. Find the value of abab, given that abab is real.

Solution

First solution
Since a9+b9=(a3+b3)(a6a3b3+b6)a^9 + b^9 = (a^3 + b^3)(a^6 - a^3b^3 + b^6), we have a6a3b3+b6=29913=23a^6 - a^3b^3 + b^6 = -\frac{299}{13} = -23.

Subtracting this equality from a6+2a3b3+b6=(a3+b3)2=132=169a^6 + 2a^3b^3 + b^6 = (a^3 + b^3)^2 = 13^2 = 169 we get 3a3b3=1923a^3b^3 = 192, which implies ab=4ab = 4 since abab is a real number.

Second solution
We have 133=(a3+b3)3=a9+3a6b3+3a3b6+b9=299+3a6b3+3a3b613^3 = (a^3 + b^3)^3 = a^9 + 3a^6b^3 + 3a^3b^6 + b^9 = -299 + 3a^6b^3 + 3a^3b^6, which implies 832=a6b3+a3b6832 = a^6b^3 + a^3b^6.

Factoring the expression on the right-hand side we find that 832=a3b3(a3+b3)=a3b313832 = a^3b^3(a^3 + b^3) = a^3b^3 \cdot 13, or a3b3=83213=64a^3b^3 = \frac{832}{13} = 64, so ab=4ab = 4.

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