Let a, b and c be positive real numbers with c≥b≥a. Prove that 6c(c−a)2≤3a+b+c−a1+b1+c13
Solution
First solution. Just to simplify the calculations, define S=a+c and P=ac. In this case, the RHS of the inequality becomes RHS=3a+b+c−a1+b1+c13=3S+b−Sb+P3Pb. The goal is to minimize the above phrase as a function of b; Note that the phrase, as a function of b, has a linear term which is 3S+b, and a fractional term with the denominator Sb+P. Now we re-write the phrase using the new variable t=Sb+P and with a little calculation we shall have RHS=3S+b−Sb+P3Pb=3SS2−10P+3St+StP2. Note that the multiply of the last two terms is a phrase without the variable t. Therefore with using the AM-GM inequality we obtain RHS≥3SS2−10P+2S2P2=3SS2−4P=3(c+a)(c−a)2≥6c(c−a)2.■
Second solution. For the easement of calculations, for any arbitrary formula F(a,b,c) with three variables a, b and c, the cyclic sum F(a,b,c)+F(b,c,a)+F(c,a,b), is shown with ∑F(a,b,c). Using this notation, we expand the RHS of the inequality 3∑a−∑a13=3∑a−∑ab3abc=3∑ab(∑a)(∑ab)−9abc=3∑ab∑(a2b+ab2)−6abc=3∑ab∑a(b−c)2. Therefore, the claim of the problem is equivalent to the following inequality ∑a(b−c)2≥(2c∑ab)(c−a)2.(1) But note that with condition a≤b≤c, 2cab is not greater than 2b so for the RHS of the above inequality we have (2c∑ab)(c−a)2=(2cab+2a+b)(c−a)2≤(2a+b)(c−a)2.(2) For the LHS of (1), we have ∑a(b−c)2≥b(c−a)2+a((c−b)2+(b−a)2).(3) Note that for any two numbers X,Y, (X−Y)2≥0⟹X2+Y2−2XY≥0⟹2(X2+Y2)≥(X+Y)2⟹X2+Y2≥2(X+Y)2. Therefore, if X=c−b, Y=b−a using (3), we obtain ∑a(b−c)2≥b(c−a)2+a((c−b)2+(b−a)2)≥b(c−a)2+2a(c−a)2. This inequality along with (2) implies (1) which is equivalent to the claim of the problem. ■
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