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Russian Mathematical Olympiad

Algebra Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Prove it Russia

Positive real numbers xx, yy, and zz satisfy the inequality xyz≥xy+yz+zxxyz \ge xy + yz + zx. Prove that
xyz≥x+y+z. \sqrt{xyz} \ge \sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y} + \sqrt{z}.

Положительные числа xx, yy и zz удовлетворяют условию xyz≥xy+yz+zxxyz \ge xy + yz + zx. Докажите неравенство xyz≥x+y+z\sqrt{xyz} \ge \sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y} + \sqrt{z}.

Solution

Rewrite the given and the required inequalities as 1x+1y+1z≤1\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{y} + \frac{1}{z} \le 1 and 1xy+1xz+1yz≤1\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{xz}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}} \le 1.

By the inequality of means, we have
xy+xz≥2xy⋅xz,xy+yz≥2xy⋅yz,xz+yz≥2xz⋅yz. xy + xz \geq 2\sqrt{xy \cdot xz}, \quad xy + yz \geq 2\sqrt{xy \cdot yz}, \quad xz + yz \geq 2\sqrt{xz \cdot yz}.
Add these three inequalities and divide the result by 22. Taking into account the condition, we get
xyz≥xy+xz+yz≥xyz+yxz+zxy. xyz \geq xy + xz + yz \geq x\sqrt{yz} + y\sqrt{xz} + z\sqrt{xy}.
Dividing the obtained inequality by xyz\sqrt{xyz}, we obtain the required result.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.