Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 4.9 AIME Find the answer Italy

Problem:

Lucio has two identical rectangular cards with sides of length 66 and 99; he places them on the table so that they have a diagonal in common but are not exactly superimposed. What is the area of the portion of the first card that is covered by the second?

Pick one

Solution

Solution:

The answer is (E)(E).

The problem asks us to compute the area of AGCHAGCH. We show that this quadrilateral is a rhombus. Let OO be the midpoint of ACAC; this is a center of symmetry both for the rectangle ABCDABCD and for the rectangle AECFAECF, hence it is also a center of symmetry for AGCHAGCH, which is therefore a parallelogram. It thus suffices to show that two adjacent sides of AGCHAGCH are congruent. Consider the triangles AFHAFH and HDCHDC. These are two right triangles whose angles at HH are vertical angles, hence congruent. By subtraction, all 3 angles turn out to be congruent, so the triangles are similar.

Figure 1

Moreover FAFA and DCDC are congruent by hypothesis, so the two triangles are similar with one corresponding side congruent, hence they are congruent, and consequently HC=HA\overline{HC}=\overline{HA}. Letting ll be the length of HCHC, applying the Pythagorean theorem to triangle DCHDCH we get:
l2=(9l)2+36 l^2 = (9-l)^2 + 36
Expanding, we obtain l2=8118l+l2+36l^2 = 81 - 18l + l^2 + 36, from which l=132l = \frac{13}{2}. The area of AGCHAGCH is therefore given by ABAH=6132=39\overline{AB} \cdot \overline{AH} = 6 \cdot \frac{13}{2} = 39.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement translated into English from it; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.