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Geometry Difficulty 6.2 National Olympiad Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCABC be a triangle with BAC=90\angle BAC = 90^\circ with the altitude AHAH (HBCH \in BC). A circle (ω)(\omega) passes through B,CB, C and cuts the segments AB,ACAB, AC at M,NM, N respectively. Circle (ω)(\omega) also cuts the line AHAH at D,ED, E (DD lies between A,HA, H). Suppose that DE=AH5DE = AH\sqrt{5}, prove that the circumcircle of triangle HMNHMN is tangent to BCBC.

Solution

Base on the power from HH to the circle (ω)(\omega), HDHE=HBHC=AH2HD \cdot HE = HB \cdot HC = AH^2. Moreover, HD+HE=DE=AH5HD + HE = DE = AH\sqrt{5}. Thus, the lengths HD,HEHD, HE will be the solutions of the quadratic equation
x2AH5x+AH2=0. x^2 - AH\sqrt{5} \cdot x + AH^2 = 0.
Since DD is inside triangle ABCABC, HD<AHHD < AH, entails HE>AHHE > AH and will have HE>HDHE > HD. From there, solving the above equation, we get
HD=1+52AH and HE=1+52AH. HD = \frac{-1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}AH \text{ and } HE = \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}AH.
Hence,
AD=AHHD=352AH and AE=AH+HE=3+52AH. AD = AH - HD = \frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}AH \text{ and } AE = AH + HE = \frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}AH.
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It follows that
ADAE=(352)(3+52)AH2=AH2. AD \cdot AE = \left(\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}\right) \left(\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}\right) AH^2 = AH^2.
Furthermore, according to the power from AA to the circle (ω)(\omega), ADAE=AMAB=ANACAD \cdot AE = AM \cdot AB = AN \cdot AC. Therefore AH2=AMAB=ANACAH^2 = AM \cdot AB = AN \cdot AC, which implies that HMABHM \perp AB, HNACHN \perp AC so the quadrilateral AMHNAMHN is a rectangle. Therefore, the circle circumscribing triangle HMNHMN is also the circle with diameter AHAH so it will be tangent to BCBC. \square

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.